David – A Man After God’s Own Heart

April 22nd, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
4/22/2012

Introduction

David was the second ruler of the United Kingdom of Israel, ancestor of Jesus Christ, and author of numerous Psalms. The record of his life is found in 1 Samuel 16-31; 2 Samuel 1-24; 1 Kings 1-2 and 1 Chronicles 10-29. He is described as “a man after God’s own heart” (Acts 13:22; cf. 1 Sam. 13:13-14). No higher compliment could be given to a child of God. What caused the Lord to view David in this light? How is he an example to us?

David lived about 1000 years before Christ. His Hebrew name means “beloved” or possibly “chieftain.” His youth was spent in Bethlehem, situated about five miles south of Jerusalem in the district known as Ephrathah in Judah. The youngest of eight brothers (1 Sam. 16:10- 11; 17:12-14), David was the son of Jesse, a respected inhabitant of the city. His mother, tenderly remembered for her godliness, was described as the Lord’s “handmaid” (Psa. 86:15-16). As the youngest son, David kept his father’s sheep, leading them to pasture, providing for their needs, protecting them from danger.

As a result of his rebellion and disobedience, King Saul had forfeited God’s favor (1 Sam. 15:22-23). Afterwards the prophet Samuel went to Bethlehem to anoint David as the future king of Israel (1 Sam. 16:1-13). No public pronouncement was made of this event. Many years passed before David would assume the throne. After facing many trials and tribulations, David ascended to power his thirtieth year and reigned for forty years (2 Sam. 5:4). In retrospect, this would be remembered as a golden age, the greatest period in the history of Israel.

Spiritual

God’s choice of David as the successor to King Saul was not based upon physical characteristics. Saul was a towering figure, head and shoulders above the average man (1 Sam. 10:22-23). Although he was beautiful of eyes and handsome in appearance (1 Sam. 16:12), God chose David because of his attitude of heart and mind (1 Sam. 16:6-7). We live in an age that emphasizes externals, but the Bible stresses the importance of the inner man (Psa. 51:6-7; Eph. 3:14-19).

Humble

Forsaken by God and troubled by an evil spirit, King Saul was subject to depression and periodic insanity. His attendants advised him to secure a harpist, whose music might soothe his spirit. Because he displayed outstanding musical talent with the harp, David was recommended for this task, and thus entered the service of Saul (1 Sam. 16:14-18, 23).

Despite having been anointed by Samuel as the future king of Israel, David did not develop a haughty attitude. As opportunity allowed, he continued to tend his father’s sheep (1 Sam. 17:15). When needed, he would play the harp for Saul, thus refreshing the troubled king’s spirit. Nevertheless, there was no boasting on his part. Rather, he viewed himself as a servant of the King (1 Sam. 17:32) and of God (Psa. 116:16). We should manifest the same humble attitude (Matt. 20:25-28; 1 Cor. 10:24; Phil. 2:3-4).

Courageous

During this period, the Philistines were a continuing threat to Israel. On one occasion they invaded the hill country of Palestine, encamping 15 miles west of Bethlehem. Saul led the Israelite army to meet the enemy. Three of David’s brothers were in Saul’s army, and Jesse sent David to the battlefield to inquire about their welfare. Upon his arrival, David heard Goliath, champion of the Philistines, mocking the army of Israel (1 Sam. 17:8-10). The army of Israel was terrified and dismayed by Goliath, but not young David, who had complete confidence in the Lord (1 Sam. 17:26, 34-37).

Weighted with heavy armor, Goliath was equipped to engage in close-range combat. David’s strategy was to fight him at a distance. Taking five smooth stones from a brook, David faced Goliath with only a sling and his unflinching faith in God. Goliath fell, struck by a stone from David’s sling. His victory over the giant made him a national hero. We should manifest similar courage in serving God (Psa. 27:14; 31:23-24; 1 Cor. 16:13-14).

Patient

After the returning from the slaughter of the Philistines, the women of Israel met Saul with singing and dancing, saying “Saul has killed his thousands and David his ten-thousands.” This greatly displeased King Saul, kindling a growing sense of jealousy and hostility toward David (1 Sam. 18:6-9).

Saul had promised to make the victor his son-in-law, presenting one of his daughters as his wife, agreeing to free the victor’s family from taxation. But after the battle, David was no longer allowed to return to his father’s house, but remained continually at the palace. On two occasions, Saul tried to kill David with a spear; he also gave his daughter, whom he had promised as David’s wife, to another man. As David’s popularity grew, Saul’s paranoia increased, until David was forced to flee from his murderous master.

David gathered a band of fugitives as his followers and fled from Saul. David waited patiently for God to carry out His purpose. On at least two occasions, David could have killed Saul while the king slept, but he refused to do so (1 Sam. 24:2-12; 26:6-25). He did not try to take matters into his own hands, even though he knew that so long as Saul was living, he could not be king. Rather, he believed that God would handle things in His own time and way. Disciples of Christ should manifest a similar attitude (Psa. 37:7-9; Lam. 3:26; Heb. 10:36-39).

Forgiving

When the Philistines battled Saul and his army at Gilboa, they were victorious, slaying Saul and his son, Jonathan, whom David loved as a dear friend. Hearing this sad news, he mourned their fate. He slew the Amalekite messenger who foolishly and falsely claimed to have killed King Saul (2 Sam. 1:6-27). Years later, David again manifested a tender, forgiving spirit toward his rebellious son, Absalom, who attempted to seize the throne (2 Sam. 18:33). We should have the same forgiving spirit toward those who would do us wrong (Mark 11:25; Luke 23:33-34; Eph. 4:31-32).

Obedient

At Saul’s death the tribe of Judah, to whom David belonged, elected him as king of Judah and placed him on the throne in Hebron. The rest of the tribes of Israel set up Ishbosheth, Saul’s surviving son, as king at Mahanaim. For the next two years civil war raged between these two factions. It ended in the assassination of Ishbosheth, an event which saddened David.

After the death of Ishbosheth, David was elected king over all the people of Israel. He immediately began work to establish a United Kingdom. One of his first acts was to capture the fortified city of Jebus. Although the inhabitants boasted it was safe from capture, David and his army took it by storm. He then made it the capital city of his kingdom and erected his palace there. Afterwards known as Jerusalem, the new capital stood on the border of the southern tribe of Judah and the other tribal territories to the north. This location tended to calm the jealousies between the north and the south, contributing greatly to the unity of the kingdom.

Afterwards, David proceeded to re-establish and strengthen the worship of God. He moved the Ark of the Covenant from Kirjath-jearim and placed it within a tabernacle which he pitched in Jerusalem. Next, he organized the worship of Israel, especially regarding songs of praise, and began plans to build a house of worship. But God brought a halt to his plans, informing David that the task of constructing the Temple would be entrusted to his successor (2 Sam. 7:1-16; 1 Kings 8:18-21; 1 Chron. 22:7-10). David accepted this without question, and began gathering materials that Solomon would one day use to build the temple. As David endeavored to keep God’s precepts, we must also obey His commandments (Psa. 19:7-14; John 15:10; 1 Tim. 4:11-16).

Penitent

To say that David was “a man after God’s own heart” does not mean that he was perfect. Although he was a righteous king, David was subject to sin, just like other human beings. His unlawful manner of transporting the ark of the covenant resulted in the tragic death of Uzzah (2 Sam. 6). He yielded to sinful desire, committing adultery with Bathsheba, and attempting to cover-up his transgression, David ordered the murder of her husband (cf. 2 Sam. 11-12). Afterwards, he disobeyed God by numbering Israel and Judah (cf. 2 Sam. 24; 1 Chron. 21).

The Bible does not gloss over human weakness; instead, it presents its subjects accurately and honestly, a mixture of strength and weakness. David was confronted by the prophet Nathan, who courageously exposed his wrongdoing. Faced with his sin, David freely confessed, demonstrating genuine penitence (Psa. 32:1-7; 51:1-4). We also should evidence similar penitence (Prov. 28:13; Matt. 5:4; 1 John 1:8-9).

Although David committed deep sin, he still was known as a man who sought God’s will. He was willing to repent of his wrongdoing and rededicate himself to serving God. His influence for good in the life of his nation was great, since every king after David was compared to the standard which he established.

God forgave David of his shameful actions, the consequences of the sin continued to plague him. The child born to David and Bathsheba died. The example he set as a father was a bad influence on his sons. One son, Amnon, raped and humiliated his half-sister. Another son, Absalom, rebelled against David and tried to take away his kingdom by force. Forgiveness does not necessarily eliminate consequences. One can pull nails out of a board, but the scars remain.

Conclusion

David died when he was 71 years old, having been king for a total of over 40 years, including both his reign in Hebron and his kingship over the United Kingdom.

A capable musician, David unquestionably gave great encouragement to this fine art in the life of his people. As a warrior and military man, he was resourceful and courageous. As a king, David was without equal in the life of his nation. As a religious leader, he was exceptional. His psalms continue to be the favorite devotional literature for honest souls who seek a closer walk with God.

The Jewish historian Josephus praised David by saying, “This man was of an excellent character, and was endowed with all the virtues that were desirable in a king.” But even higher praise came from God Himself through the speech of Stephen in the Book of Acts. Stephen quoted the Lord as declaring, “I have found David the son of Jesse a man after my own heart” (Acts 13:22).

Do these characteristics describe your life? Are you spiritually-minded, humble, courageous and faithful, patient, forgiving, obedient and penitent? If these qualities are present in your life, you too can be a person after God’s own heart.

Sources: Donald P. Ames, “A Man After God’s Own Heart,” Preach The Word, ed. Earl E. Robertson, (Fairmount, IN: Guardian of Truth Foundation, 1981), p. 1-3. Extensively Revised. Nelson’s Illustrated Bible Dictionary, ed. Herbert Lockyer, Sr. (Seattle, WA: BibleSoft & Nashville: TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1986), s.v. “David.”

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The Reign & Ruin of Saul

April 15th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
4/15/2012

Let us consider the reign and ruin of Saul, who was divinely chosen to serve as Israel’s first King (1 Sam. 13:1; 14:49-51). He evidenced impatience in refusing to wait for the prophet Samuel (1 Sam. 13:2-15). He evidenced rashness in his foolish pronouncement on the battlefield (1 Sam. 14:24-30). He evidenced disobedience regarding God’s command to utterly destroy Amalek (1 Sam. 15:1-33). He evidenced insanity when, as punishment and consequence of his sins, he was troubled by an evil spirit from the Lord (1 Sam. 16:14-23). He evidenced cowardice when he, along with all Israel (save David), trembled before the blasphemous taunts of the Philistine (1 Sam. 17:1-11). He evidenced jealousy regarding the relatively greater praise ascribed to David (1 Sam. 18:6-11). He evidenced falseness in keeping his pledge and promise of reward (1 Sam. 17:24-27; 18:14-19). He evidenced cunning in his attempts to destroy a perceived rival (1 Sam. 18:20-30). He evidenced irresoluteness in his assurances to Jonathan (1 Sam. 19:1-10; 20:30-33). He evidenced faithlessness in resorting to cultic necromancy (1 Sam. 28:1-25). King Saul’s sad epitaph is a tragic summary of a wasted life (1 Chron. 10:13-14).

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“Give Us A King!”

April 15th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
4/15/2012

Introduction

Let us consider the circumstances that resulted in Israel’s demand, “Give us a king!” This ultimatum was rooted in failure and faithlessness. Yet, we must also remember that leadership in Israel was a matter of prophecy and principle.

Prophecies of Leadership

The Bible contains various prophecies relating to rule and kingship. God said to Abraham, “I will make nations of you, and kings will come forth from you” (Gen. 17:1-8, esp. vs. 6). This pledge was repeated concerning Sarah: “I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings of peoples will come from her” (Gen. 17:15-16).

After Jacob returned to Canaan, the Lord appeared unto the patriarch, changing his name from Jacob (i.e., he who supplants) to Israel (i.e., he who strives with God), repeating the promises previously given to Abraham, specifying, “A nation and a company of nations shall come from you, and kings shall come forth from you” (Gen. 35:9-12).

Near the end of his life, Jacob summoned his twelve sons, saying, “Assemble yourselves that I may tell you what will befall you in the days to come.” In particular, he prophesied that Judah would enjoy regal rights: “The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet, until Shiloh comes, and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples” (Gen. 49:8-12).

Principles of Leadership

Near the end of his life, Moses spoke of the principles that should govern Israel and its future kings (Deut. 17:14-20). Positively stated, the people of Israel must follow a king whom the Lord chooses (vs. 15a). He shall write a copy of the law, and it shall be with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear and obey the Lord his God (vs. 18-20). Negatively stated, Israel’s king must not be a foreigner but rather an Israelite (vs. 15b). Shunning prideful self-reliance and entangling external alliances, he must not multiply horses for himself, or cause the people to return to Egypt (vs. 16). Avoiding carnality and covetousness, he shall not multiply wives for himself, nor shall he greatly increase silver and gold for himself (vs. 17).

Perversions of Leadership

Israel’s plea for a king grew out of the moral failure of Samuel’s sons, who walked not in his ways, but turned aside after dishonest gain, taking bribes and perverting justice (1 Sam. 8:1-5; 10:17-19).

This demand involved a rejection, not just of Samuel’s sons, but of Jehovah God Himself. God said, “Listen to the voice of the people in regard to all that they say to you, for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected Me from being king over them” (1 Sam. 8:6-9). A similar spirit was evidenced when the congregation murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness (Exod. 16:1-8; Num. 16:8-11). So likewise, those who reject the gospel message disregard, not just man below but God above (Luke 10:16; 1 Thess. 4:1-8).

This travesty occurred because of Israel’s shameful desire to be like the surrounding nations (1 Sam. 8:19-20). In the Christian era, discipleship demands distinctiveness: We must not be conformed to this world, but transformed by the renewing of our minds (Rom. 12:1-2). Avoiding all that is corrupt and unclean, let us come out and be separate (2 Cor. 6:14-18).

Israel’s action illustrates the proverbial saying, “Don’t throw out the baby with the bathwater.” In the division of the 1850s, poor congregational singing resulted in a demand for instrumental music. In the division of the 1950s, a failure of the church to accomplish its God-given mission led to the widespread promotion of institutionalism. The proper solution involves growing in faith, developing our talents, implementing God’s plan, not setting aside the divine pattern in favor of some unscriptural human arrangement.

This example also reminds us of the law of unintended consequences. In other words, “Be careful what you ask for, because you might just get it!” The people of Israel wanted a king who would go out before them with pomp and circumstance, and fight their battles. In other words, they wanted someone else to do things for them. Instead, what they got was high taxes, heavy burdens, and harsh servitude (1 Sam. 8:10-22; cf. 1 Kings 12:1-15).

Conclusion

Biblical prophecies regarding reign and rule ultimately point to Jesus Christ, who is King of Kings and Lord of Lords (Mic. 5:2; Zech. 9:9). He exemplifies the qualities of a true and just leader. Let us beware of the dual dangers that beset failed leaders, careless neglect on one hand, overbearing oppressiveness on the other (Heb. 13:15-21; 1 Pet. 5:1-4). Those who serve in positions of oversight should follow His example (John 10:11-15; 1 Pet. 2:21-25).

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Why Follow Christ?

April 8th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
4/8/2012

Introduction

The poet Yeats once wrote, “Things fall apart; the center cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world…” In his apocalyptic novel, Love In The Ruins, Walker Percy depicts America some years in the future, after it has fallen into decay. Weeds and vines cover the highways. Cars and trucks are deserted for lack of fuel. Buildings sit empty and vacant. Cities and suburbs crumble. People have separated into suspicious, frightened clans. They are warlike and savage. Fear and cynicism rule the day. If this apocalyptic vision ever becomes reality, what would be the cause? The answer is simple: The center did not hold.

I love my country, but fear for its future. Unless society is based upon truth and justice, it is doomed to decay and ultimate destruction. Without a knowledge of God, without respect for one’s neighbor, without concern for the helpless, our future is dark. No culture that has lost its moral footing can long prosper (Psa. 107:33-34; Prov. 14:34).

What is true for society is also true for the individual. Both require a firm foundation. Does your faith have a solid footing? Is your hope grounded upon a rock? Will your anchor hold in the storms of life?

Faulty Reasons For Discipleship

Health

I have seen no evidence that fewer Christians die of cancer than non-believers. I have lost family to this dreaded disease. I have seen brothers and sisters in Christ, whom I loved and respected, suffer with this mysterious affliction. The fact that they belonged to Christ did not protect them from sickness and disease.

Needless to say, I firmly believe in God’s providence. I will not deny or dispute any evidence of restored health. I will rejoice at every recovery from what seems to be hopeless, threatened death. I will continue to pray for those who are sick (2 Tim. 4:19-21; James 5:13-16). I will set no limits on what God may do. Yet, I understand that the people of God are not immune to illness and disease. Therefore, I will not follow Christ for promised healing.

Long Life

I am not convinced that Christians live any longer than other persons. Obviously, following God’s word helps us avoid life-shortening acts of folly. A fruit of wisdom is long life (Prov. 3:13-16). However, the angel of death is no respector of persons. He comes for both the young and the aged. He takes, not only the feeble, but also those in the prime of life. No one is assured of tomorrow (James 4:13-15). Although I will be grateful for every day of grace, I will not follow Christ for the promise of long years.

Protection

I see no indication that Christians escape disaster more often than others. Misfortune befalls the faithful and the unfaithful. Calamity does not discriminate between the righteous and the wicked (Luke 13:1-5). Therefore I will not follow Christ for any promised protection from disaster, either man-made or natural. I will not scoff at stories of deliverance. I affirm the providence of God, and will continue to pray for His protection (Psa. 23:1-6). Yet, I recognize that tragedy can befall us all. Therefore, I will not follow Christ to guarantee my physical safety.

Prosperity

I have not observed that Christians are especially favored with material prosperity. Some brethren are quite wealthy, but most are of modest means. Many disciples struggle to make ends meet. Therefore, I will not follow Christ in hope of silver and gold. I fully recognize that God has promised to care for His own (Matt. 6:31-33). Like the Psalmist David, we can be assured that God will never forsake the righteous (Psa. 37:25). Yet, He never promised earthly mansions. In fact, our earthly existence may be difficult and demanding. Thus, I will not follow Christ for material blessings.

Valid Reasons For Discipleship

Why then follow Jesus? Why obey His word when faithfulness often complicates our lives? Why follow Him when discipleship demands diligent service, continual watchfulness and zealous devotion? Why submit to Christ when it means heartache, trials and persecution?

Revelation & Radiance

Why follow Christ? Because in Jesus we behold the face of God. He is God manifested in the flesh (John 1:1-5, 14). To see the Son is to see the Father (John 14:6-9). He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation (Col. 1:15-18). He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, upholding all things by the word of His power (Heb. 1:1-4).

Reconciliation & Redemption

Why follow Christ? Because through His life, death and resurrection, I am reconciled (Col. 1:19-22) and redeemed (1 Pet. 1:17-19). Accordingly, I present my body as a living sacrifice (Rom. 12:1-2). As a living stone, I am made a part of His spiritual house (1 Pet. 2:4–5).

Reason & Reality

Why follow Christ? Because He is the one certain thing in this uncertain world. He is the bright and morning star (Rev. 22:16). He provides reason for living (Phil. 1:21-26), and offers hope in the face of death (2 Cor. 5:1-9). Whether my life is damaged or whole, brief or full of years, it matters not. Jesus is all that matters. He is the center that holds.

Conclusion

Why follow Christ? Because His love compels and controls us (2 Cor. 5:10-15). Therefore, will you not be like Him, both in time and eternity (1 John 3:1-3)?

Source: Adapted and revised from a sermon that my uncle John Hutcheson, Jr. preached at the Granny White Church of Christ in Nashville, TN ca. 1980.

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Standing on the Promises of God

April 1st, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
4/1/2012

Introduction

When someone makes a promise, he or she makes a solemn commitment. Promises play an important role in everyday activities. Employees perform an honest day’s work, while employers agree to give an honest day’s pay. When we take out a loan at the bank, we pledge to repay our debts. The exchange of vows at a wedding ceremony express a couples lifelong commitment to each other.

Promises are also an important part of the Christian religion (2 Pet. 1:1-4). God has made certain pledges to us, and we to Him. The song, Standing on the Promises of God, is an expression of our confidence in God and His promises.

This lesson is designed to deepen our appreciation for the promises of God. To this end, we ask three questions: First, what is the basic value of the thing promised; second, what is the character of the promisor; and, third, what are the conditions of the promise?

The Basic Value of the Thing Promised

Men have been known to promise things that in reality were of little value. Certain land deals, “get rich quick” schemes, and email offers from rich Nigerian widows fall into this category. Occasionally, we often get advertisements through the mail stating that if we will visit XYZ Land Development on Lake Pleasant Waters and sit through a high-pressure sales pitch, we will win either a new boat, a color television, or a set of steak knives. Some years ago, we worshipped with a man who worked for one of these land development corporations. While he never saw anyone receive a new boat or a color T.V., he acknowledged that plenty of steak knives were given out.

God’s promises, in contrast, are of immense value (2 Pet. 1:4). They include the forgiveness of sins (Isa. 1:18), fellowship with the Father (Isa. 57:15), an abundant life in the present (John 10:10), and hope for the hereafter (1 John 5:11). Such assurances involve man’s most valuable possession, his soul (Matt. 16:26).

The Character of the Promisor

The character of the promisor often determines the worth of the promise. Many lack integrity and character, and this leads to broken promises. Examples of this can be seen on every hand: in politics, business, marriage, and even the church.

In contrast with man’s inconsistency, God is faithful and unchanging (Num. 23:19; James 1:17). Moreover, He has the power to accomplish what He has promised (Gen. 18:10-14; Rom. 4:18-21). Accordingly, we can have every confidence that God will do as He has said (Heb. 6:16-19; 10:23).

The Nature and Conditions of the Promise

There are certain things God has not promised: Man is not promised a second chance after death (Tit. 2:11-12; Heb. 9:27), a life free of hardship (2 Tim. 3:12; James 1:2-4), or for that matter, another day of life (Prov. 27:1; James 4:13-15).

Certain of God’s promises are unconditional. They are absolute and steadfast, without limitation or restriction. For example, God unconditionally promised never again to destroy the world by water as He did in the days of Noah (Gen. 9:11). His promise of summer and winter, seed-time and harvest still abides (Gen. 8:22). The promise of Christ’s second coming also remains sure (John 14:1-3).

Certain of God’s promises are conditional. That is, they will not be fulfilled until man responds in a certain way. For example, His promise to answer prayer is contingent upon our faith (James 1:6-7; 1 John 3:22; 5:14). The promise of forgiveness is based upon obedience (Acts 2:38; 22:16). So also, the hope of eternal life (Matt. 7:21; Heb. 5:9).

Conclusion

Such a study helps us gain a deeper appreciation for the promises of God. When we look at the value of the things God has promised, when we consider His character and the conditions of His promises, then we can truly realize that they are exceedingly great and precious. Therefore, let us manifest diligence and patience as we pursue the promises of God (Heb. 6:10-12; 10:35-36).

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Korah’s Rebellion: Playing With Fire

March 18th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
3/18/2012

Place

The rebellion of Korah, recorded in Numbers 16, occurred while Israel was camped in the wilderness of Paran (Num. 10:11-13; 12:16; 13:1-3).

PARAN was a wilderness region in the central part of the Sinai Peninsula (see Map 2, C-1). Although the boundaries of this desert region are somewhat obscure, it probably bordered the Arabah and the Gulf of Aqaba on the east. The modern Wadi Feiran in central Sinai preserves the ancient name.

Paran is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament. Chedorlaomer, one of the four kings who attacked Sodom, conquered as far as “El Paran, which is by the wilderness” (Gen. 14:6). After Hagar was driven from Abraham’s household (Gen. 21:21), she fled to this wilderness with her son Ishmael. The Israelites crossed Paran during their Exodus from Egypt (Num. 10:12; 12:16), and Moses dispatched spies from Paran to explore the land of Canaan (Num. 13:3). After their mission, these spies returned “unto the wilderness of Paran, to Kadesh” (Num. 13:26).

Much later, after the death of Samuel, David fled to Paran (1 Sam. 25:1). After revolting from King Solomon, Hadad went through Paran on his flight to Egypt (1 Kin. 11:18).

Participants

KORAH was the Levite who, along with Dathan, Abiram, and On of the tribe of Reuben, led a revolt against the leadership of Moses and Aaron (Num. 16:1-49). Korah was the son of Izhar and a first cousin of Moses and Aaron (Ex. 6:21). He was equal in rank with Aaron within the tribe of Levi.

Korah apparently was jealous that Aaron held the position of high priest. The Reubenites were the descendants of Jacob’s oldest son. They thought the responsibility for leading Israel should rest with their tribe rather than the Levites. The four ringleaders gathered 250 leaders of the congregation, publicly charging Moses and Aaron with abusing their power. They claimed that all members of the congregation should have equal access to the Lord.

Moses placed the dispute in the hands of the Lord, directing Korah and his company to bring containers of incense as an offering to the Lord. Korah complied with this and went with his congregation to the door of the tabernacle where the Lord appeared, threatening to “consume them in a moment” (Num. 16:21). Moses and Aaron interceded, saving the nation of Israel from destruction. The decision of leadership was again placed before the Lord as Moses instructed the congregation to “depart from the tents of these wicked men” (Num. 16:26). The decision in favor of Moses was dramatized as “the earth opened its mouth” and swallowed all the men of Korah (Num. 16:32).

Apparently some of the descendants of Korah survived to become ministers of music in the tabernacle during the time of David (1 Chr. 6:31-37).

DATHAN was a chief of the tribe of Reuben who, along with Korah and others, tried to overthrow Moses and Aaron (Num. 16; Deut. 11:6; Ps. 106:17). He and his conspirators and their households were swallowed up by the earth (Num. 16:31-33).

ABIRAM was a son of Eliab, a Reubenite, who joined in the rebellion of Korah and conspired against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. He died in an earthquake, which served as a fitting judgment for his sin (Num. 16:1-33).

ON was a son of Peleth, of the tribe of Reuben (Num. 16:1). On joined Korah, Dathan, and Abiram in a rebellion against Moses and Aaron.

Past Perversity

As firstborn, Reuben should have received a double-portion of his father’s inheritance and become the leader of his brethren (Deut. 21:17). However, he forfeited such honors because he committed fornication with Bilhah, his father’s concubine (Gen. 35:22; 49:1-4).

In like manner, Simeon and Levi were condemned for their “cruelty” and “wrath,” and foretold that their descendants would be divided and scattered (Gen. 49:5-7; cf. Gen 34). The allotment of Simeon lay within the region of Judah, and the sons of Levi were scattered among the 12 tribes of Judah.

Present Presumptiveness

The rebels assembled together against Moses and Aaron, saying, “You have gone far enough, for all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and the Lord is in their midst; so why do you exalt yourselves above the assembly of the Lord?” (Num. 16:3; cf. Exod. 19:5-6). Note their accusations and assumptions: Are not we all equal? It is unfair for you to exalt yourselves above the assembly. In other words, fairness trumps divine restrictions.

Remonstrance & Rebuttal

In self-defense, Moses said, “Tomorrow God will show who is His, and who is holy, and who He has chosen. Bring your censers w/ fire and incense, and let us see who God has chosen. God has chosen you to minister in the tabernacle, do you seek the priesthood also?” (Num. 16:4–11).

Divine Wrath & Revelation

The assignment of leadership roles and priestly responsibility belonged to God. God chose Moses and Aaron to lead the congregation out of Egypt and through the wilderness. God chose the tribe of Levi to serve as priests. Note the irony: Levi, who earlier violated the concept of a covenant would be responsible for teaching Israel and maintaining the covenant. He who showed no mercy would become an instrument of mercy, serving as mediator between God and man.

In punishment, God caused the earth to open and swallow up Korah and his followers (Num. 16:31-40).

Source: R. F. Youngblood, F. F. Bruce, R. K. Harrison, eds. Nelson’s New Illustrated Bible Dictionary, (Nashville, TN Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1995).

Posted in Korah, Leadership, Priesthood, Rebellion | Comments Off

The Moses in Each of Us

March 18th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
3/18/2012

Introduction

We are familiar with the story where God called Moses from the burning bush (Exod. 3). The attitudes that we observe in Moses are not all that different from our own. Admonitions are given to him that can help us.

God calls Moses from Horeb, a place also known as Mt. Sinai. This mountain was where the Law would later be delivered. The precise location is uncertain, but tradition has long identified Mt. Horeb/Sinai with Gebel Musa, a 7,363 ft. tall peak on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula.

In passing, we should note that Exodus 3:6 is later used by our Lord to teach (by necessary inference) that man has an existence beyond the grave. Necessary inference is that which must be true even though it is not stated. Jesus condemned the Sadducees for not concluding that there is a resurrection from God’s statement that He is God of the living and not of the dead (Matt. 22:23-33).

Moses’ 1st Objection

Offering an initial objection, Moses says, “Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh, and that I should bring the sons of Israel out of Egypt?” However, God offers reassurance, saying “Certainly I will be with you, and this shall be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall worship God at this mountain” (Exod. 3:10-12).

We should never view ourselves as unable to obey God’s will. We are simply earthen vessels to be used in His service. Moses is now much less confident than he was 40 years earlier (Exod. 2:11-12). Five times he tried to excuse himself from God’s call (Exod. 3:11, 13, 4:1, 10, 13). Yet, God assured him of divine guidance and help, and promised that the Israelites would one day worship Him at that very mountain.

Moses’ 2nd Objection

Offering a second objection, Moses says “Behold, I am going to the sons of Israel, and I will say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you.’ Now they may say to me, ‘What is His name?’ What shall I say to them?”

God reveals himself as the God of their ancestors, and the God of the present: “I AM WHO I AM.” The meaning of Yahweh, or Jehovah is “I Am The One Who Is.” This emphasizes His active self-existence. This is the most significant name of God, occurring 6,823 times in the O.T. In later years, this Hebrews name for God was not pronounced by godly Jews because of their great reverence for this divine name. Instead they substituted some lesser name for God (such as Adonai, i.e., Lord) whenever Yahweh occurred.

The initial request that Pharaoh grant permission for a three day journey is not an attempt to deceive, but a test of Pharaoh on a small scale. How we react to small matters is revealing of our attitude. Perhaps their departure could have been peaceful, if Pharaoh had granted this reasonable request, but God could foresee that Pharaoh would respond with defiance. Moses is warned to not expect immediate results. There is a progression from the request from a three day’s journey to the demand for a complete departure (Exod. 5:1; 7:16; 8:1, 20; 9:1; 10:3). Also, the assurances that Israel would leave Egypt with great wealth is but partial compensation for their years of slavery. This would fulfill the promise that God made unto Abraham (Gen. 15:13-14).

Moses’ 3rd Objection

Offering a 3rd objection, Moses said, “What if they will not believe me or listen to what I say? For they may say, ‘The Lord has not appeared to you.’” In other words, Moses feared the people would not listen to his voice, or would deny that Jehovah had actually appeared to him. However, the Lord offers three signs to convince them that he acted with divine authority.

Moses’ 4th Objection

Offering a 4th objection, Moses said, “Please, Lord, I have never been eloquent, neither recently nor in time past, nor since You have spoken to Your servant; for I am slow of speech and slow of tongue.” In other words, Moses felt that he was not fluent, but halting of speech, and thus unqualified to approach Pharaoh. However, his excuse was not convincing. For 40 years he had been trained in the royal court. However, God reminded him that He was the Creator of heaven and earth, fully capable of meeting any inadequacies which Moses might possess.

Moses’ 5th Objection

Offering a 5th objection, Moses said, “Please, Lord, now send the message by whomever You will.” The KJV statement, “O my Lord, Send I pray thee by the hand of whom thou wilt send,” is better translated by the aforementioned NASB rendition. The NIV is even more plain spoken: “Lord, please send someone else to do it”

God had met all prior objections by saying, “I will be with thee.” However, Moses does not evidence an obedient attitude. Therefore, being fed up with excuses, God became angry. Aaron was chosen to help Moses (Exod. 7:1-2). Aaron was 3 years older than Moses (Exod. 7:7), presumably born before Pharaoh’s edict to kill all male-children. Miriam was older than them both.

Conclusion

We sometimes think of Moses and other Old Testament characters as “GREAT MEN OF FAITH,” and forget that they had human failings, insecurities and anxieties that we do.

As Christians, each of us have obligations to fulfill. None of us have such a dramatic mission as did Moses. He was to appear before the Pharaoh of Egypt, demand that God’s people be released, and then lead them forth from captivity. We operate on a much more ordinary plane than that. Yet, we all have a distinctive task to perform.

This realization is both consoling and frightening. It is consoling to know that we have a purpose in life, and that there is a reason for our existence. We are to be laborers in the Lord’s vineyard. Paul said, “Therefore, my beloved brethren, be ye steadfast, unmovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know that your labour is not in vain in the Lord” (1 Cor. 15:58). We are workers together with God. We should view this as a privilege. Yet at the same time, there is something frightening about all this. Being a Christian is a weighty responsibility. Yes, we could walk away, turn our backs on the Lord, and say “Forget it!” But one day we must give an account of our lives.

At times, are we not like Moses, making a variety of excuses, saying “Let Someone Else Do It!” Let someone else teach the lost, encourage the weak, restore the fallen, visit the sick, give liberally of their means, participate in the worship, teach a Bible Class, faithfully attend the services and be a positive influence on the brethren, etc. However, each of us have a personal contribution that we are expected to make for the cause of Christ. We are to be an influence for good on the lives of other men. Instead of thinking, “Let someone else do it,” let us ask what are some things that we can do?

It takes considerable effort to have an active and functioning church. There are jobs for all of us. While we would make excuses, we cannot escape our responsibility. Someone once said, “He who excuses himself accuses himself.”[i] God wants you and God wants me. We must fulfill our duty. We have the responsibility of growing each day. He wants us reach maturity. He does not expect us to do things beyond our power. He expects us to use the abilities that we have. If we do our very best, even if it is hesitant and faltering, yet we can surely hope to see the promised land in the life to come.

Sources: Adapted from an article by Bob Walton, “The Moses In Each Of Us,” Vangard Magazine, Date Unknown.

[i] Gabriel Meurier [1530-1601], Tresor des Sentences, quoted in Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations, 15th ed., (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1980), p. 163:8.

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Lessons from Lot

March 11th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
3/11/2012

Introduction

When God called Abraham from Mesopotamia to Canaan, he was accompanied by his nephew, Lot (Gen. 11:27-31; 12:4-5; 13:1).

Sacred Scripture describes Lot as “righteous” because he spoke out against the sin of Sodom (2 Pet. 2:4-10). Yet, many of his personal choices were anything other than commendable.

Companionship may be Destroyed by Conflict

The life of Lot reminds us that companionship may be destroyed by conflict (Gen. 13:1-7; Prov. 20:3; Phil. 2:14-16; James 3:13-18).

Character may be Destroyed by Covetousness

The life of Lot reminds us that character may be destroyed by covetousness (Gen. 13:8-18; 14:1-24; Mark 7:20-23; Luke 12:13-21).

Children may be Destroyed by Carnality

The life of Lot reminds us that children may be destroyed by carnality (Gen. 19:1-29, 30-38; 1 Cor. 15:33; Gal. 6:7-8).

Conclusion

Warning of judgment, Jesus famously said, “Remember Lot’s wife” (Luke 17:26-33). Let us also recall the sad story of Lot himself. In the end, he lost everything: his wealth, his family, his dignity. Such are the wages of sin.

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Proper Uses of the Old Testament

March 4th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
3/4/2012

Introduction

Man’s failure to rightly divide the Word of Truth has led to numerous denominational errors. Many do not distinguish between the Old and New Testaments. This has contributed to much confusion in the religious world.

Acknowledging the abiding value of the Old Testament, we also recognize that it is no longer binding, and that the Gospel of Christ is our sole rule of faith in the Christian era. May we come to realize the relationship shared between the Old and New Covenants, and better appreciate their place in God’s scheme of redemption.

The Significance of the Old Testament

As an Inspired Historical Record

The Old Testament provides an inspired historical record. All Scripture is given by inspiration of God (2 Sam. 23:1-2; 2 Tim. 3:16-17; 2 Pet. 1:20-21). This includes the 39 books of the Old Testament, as well as the 27 books of the New. The Old Testament records with infallible accuracy events like the creation, the fall of man, the flood, the scattering of the nations, the rise of civilization, etc. It chronicles the establishment of the Israelite nation. It provides a history of its association with the surrounding peoples. Although skeptics have railed against the Bible, its accuracy has been validated time and time again.

As Evidence of the Deity of Jesus Christ

The Old Testament provides evidence of the deity of Jesus Christ. His life and redemptive work were foreshadowed in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms (Luke 24:44; John 1:45). Fulfilled prophecy was central to Peter’s message on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:15-16, 22-25, 29-32) and subsequent gospel preaching (Acts 3:18-19; 13:26-41; etc.).

As a Conveyer of Moral and Spiritual Values

The Old Testament serves as a conveyer of moral and spiritual values. It reveals the holy character of an omnipotent God (Isa. 40:18-26; 57:15-21). It provides numerous examples of courage and faithfulness in mortal man (Heb. 11:32-40). It serves as a warning against disobedience (1 Cor. 10:1-12), and also as a source of hope (Heb. 2:1-4).

The Abrogation of the Old Testament

The Mosaic Law was Nailed to the Cross

Christians are not accountable to the Law of Moses because it was taken out of the way and nailed to the cross (Eph. 2:13-16; Col. 2:13-17). Accordingly, the Ten Commandments, as such, are no longer binding. This is not to say that we can lie, cheat or steal. Nine of the ten commandments are carried forward and incorporated in the Gospel. While the Jews were obligated to “Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy…,” disciples of Christ assemble for worship on the first day of the week (Exod. 20:8-11; Acts 20:7; 1 Cor. 16:1-2).

Jesus is the Mediator of a New Covenant

The Law, delivered by Moses, serving as a shadow of good things to come, has been superseded by a new and better covenant instituted by Jesus Christ (Col. 2:16-19; Heb. 8:6-13; 10:1-10). Tabernacle and Temple worship foreshadowed Christian worship. Animal sacrifices foreshadowed the perfect sacrifice of Jesus Christ, and the demand that we present our bodies as a living sacrifice. The Aaronic priesthood anticipated the intercessory mediatorship of Jesus.

The New Testament is our Sole Rule of Faith

God the Father now speaks through His Son Jesus Christ (Heb. 1:1-2) who has been given all authority (Matt. 28:18-20). Therefore His will and word must be respected (John 12:47-50). Moreover, the apostles were guided by the Holy Spirit to speak the Lord’s will (John 14:26; 15:26-27; 1 Cor. 2:10-13). Accordingly, the New Testament is God’s final revelation to mankind (Rom. 1:16-17; Jude 3). Let us not add to or diminish from the gospel message (Gal. 1:8-9; 2 John 1:9; Rev. 22:18-19).

Conclusion

As we have seen, the Old Testament has various benefits, and also certain limitations. Positively, it provides a reliable record of the past. It contains irrefutable evidence that Jesus is the Christ. It communicates much needed moral and spiritual guidance. Yet, by itself, it cannot save. Dying on the cross, Jesus fulfilled the demands of divine justice, brought the Law of Moses to an appropriate end, and instituted a new and better covenant. Accordingly, in the current Christian age, we look to the gospel of Christ as our only source of authority.

Posted in Bible, New Testament, Old Testament | Comments Off

What Do You Say Regarding Creation vs Evolution?

February 26th, 2012

By Mark Mayberry
2/26/2012

Introduction

What do you say regarding the issue of origins? The question, “Where did I come from? Also impacts “Why am I here?” and “Where am I going?” Evolution and creation provide two conflicting chronologies. The Bible affirms that God created the universe in six days, while evolution argues that billions and billions of years were involved. Evolution and creation provide two conflicting philosophies. The Bible affirms that the worlds were created with providential purpose, while evolution argues that life is a cosmic accident. Which is a more reasonable explanation of the physical universe?

What Do You Say Regarding Creation?

God’s Glory is Reflected in the Physical Creation

David declared, “The heavens are telling of the glory of God; and their expanse is declaring the work of His hands (Psa. 19:1-6). The physical creation reveals God’s invisible attributes, i.e., His eternal power and divine nature (Rom. 1:18-20). The writer of Hebrews affirms, “For every house is built by someone, but the builder of all things is God” (Heb. 3:1-6).

God Spoke the World into Existence

Genesis 1:1 says, “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” According to the ensuing text, God said, “Let there be light…” God said, “Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.” God said, “Let the waters below the heavens be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear.” “Let the earth sprout vegetation, plants yielding seed, and fruit trees on the earth bearing fruit after their kind with seed in them.” God said, “Let the waters teem with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.” God said, “Let the earth bring forth living creatures after their kind: cattle and creeping things and beasts of the earth after their kind.” God said, “Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness…” In every case, the text concludes, “And it was so.”

Jesus Christ was the Active Agent of Creation

The Fourth Gospel opens by affirming, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being.” (John 1:1-3). Again, “He was in the world, and the world was made through Him, and the world did not know Him” (vs. 10).

Contrasting the impotence of idolatry with the omnipotence of Jehovah, Paul said “There is but one God, the Father, from whom are all things and we exist for Him; and one Lord, Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we exist through Him” (1 Cor. 8:4-6). Writing to the Colossians, the apostle extoled the power and position of the Son, saying “By Him all things were created… He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together” (Col. 1:13-17). The writer of Hebrews echoes the same theme: Jesus Christ, the Son of God, made the world, and upholds all things by the word of His power (Heb. 1:1-4).

God’s Power is Beyond Human Comprehension

Speaking of Jehovah, Isaiah asked, “Who has measured the waters in the hollow of His hand, and marked off the heavens by the span, and calculated the dust of the earth by the measure, and weighed the mountains in a balance and the hills in a pair of scales?” (Isa. 40:10-17). “To whom then will you liken Me That I would be his equal?” says the Holy One. “Lift up your eyes on high and see who has created these stars, the One who leads forth their host by number…” (Isa. 40:21-26). Again, “Remember the former things long past, for I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is no one like Me, declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times things which have not been done, saying, ‘My purpose will be established, and I will accomplish all My good pleasure’” (Isa. 46:5-11).

What Do You Say Regarding Evolution?

The Importance of Proper Definitions

While scientists often affirm, “Evolution is scientifically proven,” reality is otherwise. Terms must be properly defined. In its most basic sense, evolution involves change. Can change be observed in the natural realm? Yes, of course! Yet, there is no evidence for the supposed amoeba-to-man type changes assumed by the general theory of evolution.

The following dictionary definitions of evolution demonstrate the various meanings associated with the word:

· Webster’s Dictionary defines evolution as “(1) one of a set of prescribed movements; (2a) a process of change in a certain direction: UNFOLDING; (2b) the action or an instance of forming and giving something off: EMISSION; (2c) (1): a process of continuous change from a lower, simpler, or worse to a higher, more complex, or better state: GROWTH; (2): a process of gradual and relatively peaceful social, political, and economic advance; (2d) something evolved; (3) the process of working out or developing; (4a) the historical development of a biological group (as a race or species): PHYLOGENY; (4b) a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations; (5) the extraction of a mathematical root; (6) a process in which the whole universe is a progression of interrelated phenomena.”

· The Concise Oxford English Dictionary defines evolution as “(1) the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms, especially by natural selection; (2) gradual development; (3) Chemistry the giving off of a gaseous product, or of heat; (4) a pattern of movements or manoeuvres; (5) Mathematics, dated the extraction of a root from a given quantity.”

What is meant by “The General Theory of Evolution”? Gerald A. Kerkut, noted British zoologist and physiologist, says it describes the theory that all the living forms in the world have arisen from a single source which itself came from an inorganic form.

The General Theory of Evolution is Inherently Speculative, and is Not Observable in Nature

The general theory of evolution is inherently speculative, and is not observable in nature. A basic requirement of empirical science is that the object/phenomenon/theory under consideration must be observable and repeatable. Yet, no one has ever witnessed the evolution of a fundamentally new organism of a higher taxonomic group arising from a lower taxonomic group.

Variation within a species is clearly observable, but there are limits to such change. Through selective breeding, we can observe changes within certain kinds of animals, but there are always limits to change and variation. Through selective breeding of dogs, men can produce everything from a Great Dane to a Chihuahua, but not cats or canary’s. Through laboratory experiments, countless generations of fruit flies have been subjected to high levels of radiation, causing amazing mutational change. Yet, they are still fruit flies. Furthermore, they the mutations are almost always detrimental and digressive.

Another useful comparison would be the difference between macro-evolution versus micro-evolution. Macroevolution is evolution on a scale of separated gene pools above the level of a species while micro-evolution refers to smaller changes that occur within a given species. The latter is observable; the former is not.

Evidence of the General Theory of Evolution Contained in the Fossil Record is Vastly Overstated

Evidence of the general theory of evolution contained in the fossil record is vastly overstated. The fossil record is a human construct rather than an observable scientific fact. It is often based upon circular reasoning: Evolutionists date the rocks by the fossils and the fossils by the rocks. Also note the absence of transitional life forms in the fossil record. Darwin assumed that continued scientific research would uncover a multitude of transitional life forms demanded by his famous theory. Yet, despite the passage of years, such discoveries have not been forthcoming.

The General Theory of Evolution is Incompatible with the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

The general theory of evolution is incompatible with the 2nd law of thermodynamics. This fundamental law of nature is an expression of the tendency that over time, differences in temperature, pressure, and chemical potential equilibrate in an isolated physical system. From the state of thermodynamic equilibrium, the law deduces the principle of the increase of entropy and explains the phenomenon of irreversibility in nature. Put simply, things run down. Order gives way to disorder. Yet, the general theory of evolution is based upon opposite assumptions.

Similarities of Biological Structures Suggest a Common Designer

Similarities of biological structures suggest, not a common evolutionary ancestor, but rather a common Intelligent Designer. In the petro-chemical business, engineers and workers can observe which designs work and which do not. If a particular design proves successful, it is often reused over and over. It may be scaled up or down, adapted to different environments, etc. Our Glorious Creator designed very workable systems, such as legs and arms, that serve the needs of man and beast.

Conclusion

As previously stated, our view of origin is rooted in revelation, but remains a matter of faith (Heb. 11:1-3). Yet, Christian faith is based upon evidence. In his sermon on Pentecost, Peter appealed to reason, urging his audience to consider the implications of fulfilled prophecy, confirming miracles, and credible eye-witness testimony (Acts 2). In his sermon on Mar’s Hill, Paul affirmed that God created the worlds, but pointed to the resurrection of Christ as providing foundational proof: “God is now declaring to men that all people everywhere should repent, because He has fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness through a Man whom He has appointed, having furnished proof to all men by raising Him from the dead” (Acts 17).

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